{"id":1909,"date":"2012-10-31T16:26:33","date_gmt":"2012-10-31T14:26:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/?p=1909"},"modified":"2021-09-24T13:02:46","modified_gmt":"2021-09-24T10:02:46","slug":"temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html","title":{"rendered":"Temel Nedir? Temel \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Bu \u0130\u00e7erikte Okuyacaklar\u0131n\u0131z : <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#Temel_Nedir\" >Temel Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#Temel_Cesitleri_Nelerdir\" >Temel\u00a0 \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#YUZEYSEL_TEMELLER\" >Y\u00dcZEYSEL TEMELLER<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#1_Duvar_Alti_Temeli\" >1. Duvar Alt\u0131 Temeli:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#2_Tekil_Temeller\" >2. Tekil Temeller:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#3Surekli_Temeller\" >3.S\u00fcrekli Temeller:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#_4_Radye_Temeller\" >\u00a04. Radye Temeller:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#DERIN_TEMELLER\" >DER\u0130N TEMELLER<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#1_Ayak_Temel\" >1. Ayak Temel:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#2Kazikli_Temel\" >2.Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 Temel:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/temel-nedir-temel-cesitleri-nelerdir.html\/#3Kesonlar\" >3.Kesonlar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temel_Nedir\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Temel Nedir?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yap\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklerini, g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde zemine aktaran yap\u0131 eleman\u0131d\u0131r. Temeller, d\u00fc\u015fey ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lardan ( kolon, perde, \u00e7ekirdek ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 duvar vb.) ald\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fckleri daha geni\u015f bir alana yayarlar. Betonarme temeller, sadece betonarme de\u011fil, \u00e7elik, ah\u015fap gibi yap\u0131lar\u0131n da temelleri olarak kulaln\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temel_Cesitleri_Nelerdir\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Temel\u00a0 \u00c7e\u015fitleri Nelerdir ?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Temeller, y\u00fck\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne, y\u00fck\u00fcn geldi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015fey ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya, zemin t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00fcc\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde yap\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"YUZEYSEL_TEMELLER\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00dcZEYSEL TEMELLER<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yap\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn, zemin y\u00fczeyine yak\u0131n bir yerde g\u00fcvenle ta\u015f\u0131nabildi\u011fi\u00a0 zeminlerde uygulan\u0131r. Kuru ve sulu zeminlerde uygulanabilir. Temel, kesinlikle zemin y\u00fczeyine oturtulmamal\u0131, mutlaka don seviyesi alt\u0131na inilmelidir. Y\u00fczeysel temelleri, kendi i\u00e7inde duvaralt\u0131 temeli, tekil temel, s\u00fcrekli temel ve radye temel olmak \u00fczere d\u00f6rt gruba ay\u0131rabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Duvar_Alti_Temeli\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1. Duvar Alt\u0131 Temeli:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Kagir temel, beton temel, betonarme temel gibi t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Tekil_Temeller\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2. Tekil Temeller:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Her kolonun alt\u0131na ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yap\u0131lan temellerdir. M\u00fcnferit veya ayak temel de denir.\u00a0 Orta sertlikte zeminlerde ve bina a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha az oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda uygulanabilir. Tekil temeller zemine, genelde kare veya dikd\u00f6rtgen, nadir de olsa daire veya \u00e7okgen tabanl\u0131 <strong>s\u00f6meller<\/strong> ile oturtulurlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/tekil-temel-1.jpg\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1910\" title=\"tekil temel 1\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/tekil-temel-1-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1910\" title=\"tekil temel 1\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/tekil-temel-1-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\">Olumlu Yanlar\u0131:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ekonomik olmas\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yap\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Statik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7iminin net olmas\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\">Dikkat Edilecek Hususlar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">! Zemin, kolon alt\u0131ndaki temellerin birbirine \u00e7ok yakla\u015fmadan boyutland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na imkan sa\u011flayacak sa\u011flaml\u0131kta olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">! Zeminde ve\/veya yap\u0131 sisteminde, temellerde farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kmelere sebep olabilecek s\u00fcreksizlikler olmamal\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sadece d\u00fc\u015fey y\u00fck ( normal kuvvet)\u00a0 etkisi alt\u0131ndaki tekil temellere <strong>pand\u00fcl kolon temeli<\/strong> denir. D\u00fc\u015fey y\u00fck\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra temel e\u011filme momenti ve yatay kuvvet etkisi alt\u0131nda ise <strong>simetrik tekil temeller (ankastre kolon temeli<\/strong>) ya da <strong>simetrik olmayan tekil temeller<\/strong> olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">!E\u011fer kolonlar\u0131n yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da kolona etkiyen y\u00fcklerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedeni ile tekil temeller birbirine giri\u015fiyorsa 2 kolon temeli ( birle\u015fik-kombine temeller) kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yap\u0131 kenar\u0131ndaki kolon temeli, kom\u015fu arsa ya da bina s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edecek ise yine bu temel uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/birle\u015fik-temel.jpg\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1913\" title=\"birle\u015fik temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/birle\u015fik-temel-232x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1913\" title=\"birle\u015fik temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/birle\u015fik-temel-232x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3Surekli_Temeller\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3.S\u00fcrekli Temeller:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">S\u00fcrekli temeller, \u015ferit temel veya m\u00fctemadi temel olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kendi i\u00e7erisinde<strong> bir do\u011frultuda s\u00fcrekli temel<\/strong> ve <strong>iki do\u011frultuda s\u00fcrekli temel<\/strong> olmak \u00fczere iki gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bir do\u011frultuda s\u00fcrekli temel yine kendi i\u00e7inde <strong>iki kolon temeli<\/strong> ( yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fim) ve <strong>ikiden fazla kolonlu s\u00fcrekli temel<\/strong> olarak grupland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Zeminin sa\u011flam oldu\u011fu basit y\u0131\u011fma binalarda, temel duvarlar\u0131 ya do\u011frudan temel taban\u0131na ya da temel zemini \u00fczerinde d\u00f6k\u00fclen betonarme duvaralt\u0131 s\u00f6meli ya da ta\u015ftan yap\u0131lan ta\u015f s\u00f6meli \u00fczerine oturur. Temel zeminin daha zay\u0131f ve bina\u00a0 y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn daha fazla oldu\u011fu yap\u0131larda ise ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 temel duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na, iskelet-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/karkas-ve-kargir-yapi-nedir.html\"><strong>karkas yap\u0131<\/strong><\/a>larda da kolonlar\u0131n alt\u0131na, kolon enkesitleri boyunca devam eden betonarme s\u00fcrekli s\u00f6meller yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6meller plak, kiri\u015f ya da tablal\u0131 kiri\u015f \u015feklinde in\u015fa edilebilr.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1917\" title=\"surekli temeller\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-300x114.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"114\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1917\" title=\"surekli temeller\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-300x114.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"114\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-2.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1914\" title=\"surekli temeller 2\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-2-300x113.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"113\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1914\" title=\"surekli temeller 2\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-2-300x113.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"113\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-3.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1915\" title=\"s\u00fcrekli temeller \" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-3-194x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"194\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1915\" title=\"s\u00fcrekli temeller \" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-3-194x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"194\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-4.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1916\" title=\"s\u00fcrekli temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-4-184x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"184\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1916\" title=\"s\u00fcrekli temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/surekli-temeller-4-184x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"184\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_4_Radye_Temeller\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a04. Radye Temeller:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Radye jeneral olarak da bilinir. Dolma zeminlerde, emniyet gerilmesinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu ya da fazla s\u0131k\u0131\u015fabilen zeminlerde, kolonlar\u0131n birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu durumlarda radye temel uygulan\u0131r. Bina zemini tamamen \u00f6rten ve tersine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir d\u00f6\u015feme \u00fczerine oturtulur.\u00a0 Radye temel imalat\u0131 adl\u0131 konumu incelemek isterseniz : <a title=\"Radye Temel Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/radye-temel-imalati.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Radye Temel Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/radye-temel.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1923\" title=\"radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/radye-temel-279x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1923\" title=\"radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/radye-temel-279x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>D\u00fcz Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1921\" title=\"duz radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/duz-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"89\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1921\" title=\"duz radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/duz-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"89\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0Kiri\u015fli Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Duvar ya da kolonlar\u0131n aral\u0131klar\u0131 fazla ise temel, kiri\u015fli radye temel olarak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kiri\u015fli radye temeller iki \u015fekilde yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Alttan Kiri\u015fli Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1920\" title=\"alttan kirisli radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/alttan-kirisli-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"73\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1920\" title=\"alttan kirisli radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/alttan-kirisli-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"73\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00dcstten Kiri\u015fli Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926\" title=\"ustten kirisli radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ustten-kirisli-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"75\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1926\" title=\"ustten kirisli radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ustten-kirisli-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"75\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Mantar \u015eekli,nde Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1922\" title=\"mantar seklinde radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/mantar-seklinde-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"82\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1922\" title=\"mantar seklinde radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/mantar-seklinde-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"82\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Ters Kemer \u015eeklinde Radye Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1925\" title=\"ters kemer seklinde radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ters-kemer-seklinde-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"174\" height=\"94\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1925\" title=\"ters kemer seklinde radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ters-kemer-seklinde-radye-temel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"174\" height=\"94\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Rijit Temel:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924\" title=\"rijit radye temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/rijit-radye-temel-273x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1924\" title=\"rijit radye temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/rijit-radye-temel-273x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DERIN_TEMELLER\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">DER\u0130N TEMELLER<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Zeminin sa\u011flam tabakas\u0131 \u00e7ok derinde ise, yap\u0131 y\u00fcklerini bu tabakalara aktarabilmek i\u00e7in derin temeller kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Derin temeller, zemin i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131labilir hacimler olu\u015fturabilme avantaj\u0131na da sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Ayak_Temel\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1. Ayak Temel:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tekil temeller gibi ve genellikle betonarme olarak in\u015fa edilir. Ayaklar, planda belirtilen duvarlar\u0131n birle\u015fme noktalar\u0131na getirilir ve tabanlar\u0131, kare veya \u00e7an \u015feklinde geni\u015fletilir. A\u00e7\u0131k temel \u00e7ukurunda in\u015fa edilen bu ayaklar\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131, birbirine betonarme kiri\u015flerle ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ayak-temel.gif\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1927\" title=\"ayak temel\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ayak-temel-224x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1927\" title=\"ayak temel\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/ayak-temel-224x300.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" \/><\/noscript><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2Kazikli_Temel\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2.Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 Temel:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Yap\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc, zemine \u00e7ak\u0131lan kaz\u0131klar kanal\u0131yla, derinlerde bulunan sa\u011flam zemine, kaz\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131yla(u\u00e7 kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131) yada kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan y\u00fczeylerinin s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesinden (s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131) yararlanarak aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Zemine belirli aral\u0131klarla \u00e7ak\u0131lan bu kaz\u0131klar birbirine, \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na at\u0131lan ba\u011f kiri\u015fleri ve \u0131zgaralarla ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3Kesonlar\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3.Kesonlar:<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sa\u011flam zeminin derinde olmas\u0131 keson temel ve kaz\u0131k temellere g\u00f6re daha geni\u015f karne ve sa\u011flam temel yapmak gerekti\u011fi durumlarda keson temeller uygulan\u0131r. Bu tip temeller, zemin \u00fczerinde i\u00e7ersisi bo\u015f olarak in\u015fa edilip, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da yararlanarak, istenilen derinli\u011fe indirmek suretiyle olu\u015fturulur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Genllikle \u00fc\u00e7 tipte yap\u0131l\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u00e7\u0131k kesonlar<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pn\u00f6matik kesonlar<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Y\u00fczen kesonlar (y\u00fczen sand\u0131klar)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\">Bu yaz\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli internet kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve betonarme ders notlar\u0131mdan derlenerek haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaynak belirtilmeden\u00a0 payla\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Temel Nedir? Yap\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklerini, g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde zemine aktaran yap\u0131 eleman\u0131d\u0131r. Temeller, d\u00fc\u015fey ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lardan (&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[385,386,375],"class_list":["post-1909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sektorel-bilgiler","tag-ayak-temel","tag-keson-temel","tag-somel-nedir"],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1909"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8951,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1909\/revisions\/8951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}