{"id":6327,"date":"2019-01-05T16:45:37","date_gmt":"2019-01-05T13:45:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/?p=6327"},"modified":"2021-08-04T21:51:36","modified_gmt":"2021-08-04T18:51:36","slug":"pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir.html","title":{"rendered":"Pursantaj Nedir Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Bu \u0130\u00e7erikte Okuyacaklar\u0131n\u0131z : <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir.html\/#Pursantaj_Nedir\" >Pursantaj Nedir?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir.html\/#Pursantaj_Nasil_Hesaplanir\" >Pursantaj Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir.html\/#Pursantaj_ile_Hakedis_Hesabi\" >Pursantaj ile Hakedi\u015f Hesab\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/pursantaj-nedir-nasil-hesaplanir.html\/#Pursantaj_Ile_Metraj_ve_Maliyet_Hesabi\" >Pursantaj \u0130le Metraj ve Maliyet Hesab\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pursantaj_Nedir\"><\/span>Pursantaj Nedir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Frans\u0131zca <strong>pourcentage<\/strong> kelimesinden gelir. En \u00f6zet \u015fekilde <strong>pursantaj kelime anlam\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>&#8220;y\u00fczde oran&#8221; d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Pursantaj, genellikle metraj ve ke\u015fif hesaplamalar\u0131nda, hakedi\u015f \u00f6demelerinde kullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/insaat-birim-fiyatlari.html\"><strong>Birim fiyat<\/strong><\/a> veya <strong>maliyet + kar<\/strong> olarak de\u011fil de, <strong>sabit fiyat<\/strong> \u015feklinde yap\u0131lan anla\u015fmalarda, metraj ile ilerleyi\u015fin takip edilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, ya da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsa bile gerek duyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ke\u015fifli i\u015flerde vb. kullan\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0131zl\u0131 oldu san\u0131r\u0131m, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da detayland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m merak etmeyin:)<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pursantaj_Nasil_Hesaplanir\"><\/span><strong>Pursantaj Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/hakedi\u015f-nedir.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-5599\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/hakedi\u015f-nedir-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-5599\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/hakedi\u015f-nedir-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/noscript><\/a>\u0130lk paragraftaki, in\u015faat i\u015flerinde anla\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 biraz a\u00e7al\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>Diyelim ki y\u00fcklenici firma \u0130\u015fveren ile <strong>birim fiyat usul\u00fc<\/strong> anla\u015ft\u0131. Hakedi\u015fler de ayl\u0131k olarak yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda, o ay yap\u0131lan i\u015flerin miktar\u0131 x birim fiyatlar\u0131 toplam\u0131, o ay al\u0131nacak hakedi\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n<p>Anla\u015fma maliyet + kar yap\u0131ld\u0131ysa, o ayki maliyet ne ise \u00fczerine y\u00fcklenicinin kar oran\u0131 eklenir ve ayl\u0131k hakedi\u015f tutar\u0131 hesaplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Anahtar teslim sabit tutarl\u0131 anla\u015fmalarda ise, i\u015fin maliyeti ba\u015ftan bellidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Y\u00fcklenici, \u0130\u015fveren&#8217;e ben bu i\u015fi 1.000.000,00 TL &#8216;ye yapaca\u011f\u0131m diye taahh\u00fct verir. Peki bu durumda, hakedi\u015f nas\u0131l hesaplanacak? \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130\u015fveren a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u015fin metraj\u0131, miktar\u0131, birim fiyat\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Burada \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler devreye girer. \u00d6rne\u011fin ba\u015ftan bu i\u015f i\u00e7in bir adamsaat hesab\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r, her ay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen adamsaat \u00fczerinden \u00f6deme yap\u0131labilir. Ya da ba\u015ftan bir \u00f6deme plan\u0131 belirlenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bu 12 ayl\u0131k bir i\u015f diyelim. %20 avans,\u00a0 %60 6. ayda, ya da betonarme i\u015fleri bitti\u011finde, kalan %20 i\u015f tesliminde \u015feklinde. Bu alternatifler \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat anahtar teslim sabit fiyat usul\u00fc anla\u015fmalarda en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan \u00f6deme y\u00f6ntemi<strong> pursantaj ile hakedi\u015f hesaplama<\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pursantaj_ile_Hakedis_Hesabi\"><\/span>Pursantaj ile Hakedi\u015f Hesab\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Pursantaj hesab\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131 veya \u00e7e\u015fitli hesaplama veya yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla tespit edilmi\u015f oranlara g\u00f6re belirlenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir in\u015faat i\u015finde pursantaj \u015f\u00f6yle belirlenmi\u015f olsun :<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 274px;\" width=\"705\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"64\"><strong>S\u0131ra No<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"249\"><strong>\u0130\u015fin Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"64\"><strong>Pursantaj<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Kaz\u0131 ve Dolgu \u0130\u015fleri<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Kaba \u0130n\u015faat \u0130leri<\/td>\n<td>30%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u0130nce \u0130\u015fler<\/td>\n<td>30%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Elektrik Tesisat\u0131 \u0130\u015fleri<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Mekanik Tesisat\u0131 \u0130\u015fleri<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Peyzaj ve \u00c7evre D\u00fczenleme \u0130\u015fleri<\/td>\n<td>5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Test, Devreye Alma, Ge\u00e7ici Kabul \u0130\u015fleri<\/td>\n<td>5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/hakedi\u015f.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-995\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/hakedi\u015f.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"188\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-995\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/hakedi\u015f.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"236\" height=\"188\" \/><\/noscript><\/a>Bu durumda, y\u00fcklenici firma, hafriyat i\u015flerini bitirdi\u011fi zaman, toplam ke\u015ffin %10 u oran\u0131nda \u00f6deme al\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kabay\u0131 bitirdi\u011fnde %30&#8217;unu, inceyi bitirdi\u011finde di\u011fer %30&#8217;unu alacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fin toplam hacmi 1 Milyon TL ise, hafriyat, kaba ve ince i\u015flerin bitmesine m\u00fcteakiben 1.000.000,00 TL x %70 = 700.000,00 TL hakedi\u015f alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pursantaj cetveli<\/strong> veya pursantaj defteri dedi\u011fimiz d\u00f6k\u00fcman yukar\u0131da \u00f6zetlenmi\u015f olan format\u0131n daha geni\u015fletilmi\u015f halidir. Firma ve i\u015fe ait bilgileri, i\u015fin detayl\u0131 alt k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131m tan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, fiyatsal ve ilerleme y\u00fczdelerini de\u00a0 i\u00e7erir.\u00a0 Kurumdan kuruma \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6sterebilir. Olay\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildikten sonra siz de kendi defterinizi rahatl\u0131kla olu\u015fturabilirsiniz. Google&#8217;da pursantaj cetveli yazarak \u00e7e\u015fitli haz\u0131r pursantaj \u00f6rnekleri g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Pursantaj \u00e7ok genel bir kavramd\u0131r. Kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlama g\u00f6re, <strong>pursantaj nas\u0131l bulunur<\/strong> sorusunun cevab\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fir. Yukar\u0131da\u00a0<strong>pursantajdan hakedi\u015f hesaplama<\/strong> konusuna de\u011findik. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00e7e\u015fitli <strong>pursantaj hesaplama<\/strong>lar\u0131na \u00f6rnek verece\u011fim.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pursantaj_Ile_Metraj_ve_Maliyet_Hesabi\"><\/span>Pursantaj \u0130le Metraj ve Maliyet Hesab\u0131<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/ke\u015fif-metraj-hakedi\u015f.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4120\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/ke\u015fif-metraj-hakedi\u015f-300x76.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"76\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4120\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/ke\u015fif-metraj-hakedi\u015f-300x76.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"76\" \/><\/noscript><\/a>Bir i\u015f i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k ke\u015fif \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131z gerekiyor diyelim. Fakat her i\u015f i\u00e7in tek tek metraj hesaplay\u0131p birim fiyat analizi yapacak zaman\u0131m\u0131z yok, veya i\u015fin b\u00f6yle bir ehemmiyeti yok. Peki bu durumda nas\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k hesap yapaca\u011f\u0131z?<\/p>\n<p>Yap\u0131n\u0131n alan ve katlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ilk ba\u015fta in\u015faat alan\u0131n\u0131 hesaplar\u0131z. Daha sonra bir tak\u0131m yakla\u015f\u0131mlarda bulunuruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1 m2 in\u015faat alan\u0131nda\u00a0 yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,38 m3 beton gitmektedir. Bu daha \u00f6nceki tecr\u00fcbelerden edindi\u011fimiz bir bilgi diyelim. \u015eimdi <strong>pursantajdan demir metraj\u0131<\/strong> hesaplayabiliriz. Demir pursantaj\u0131m\u0131z 80 kg\/m3 diyelim. Bu durumda \u0130n\u015faat\u0131m\u0131zdaki toplam beton miktar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak demir tonaj\u0131n\u0131 da yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak hesaplar\u0131z. Benzer \u015fekilde kal\u0131p pursantaj\u0131m\u0131z ile\u00a0<strong>kal\u0131p metraj\u0131<\/strong> da hesaplanabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da beton, demir ve kal\u0131p metraj\u0131n\u0131 hesaplad\u0131k. Bu durumda, ilgili i\u015flerin birim fiyatlardan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, kaba in\u015faat maliyetini bulabiliriz.\u00a0 Sonras\u0131nda <strong>pursantaj ile maliyet hesab\u0131<\/strong> yap\u0131labilir. Kaba in\u015faat pursantaj\u0131m\u0131z %30 olsun. Bu durumda %30 luk kaba in\u015faat maliyetinin tutar\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fimize g\u00f6re, %100 \u00fcn tutar\u0131n\u0131 da hesaplayabiliriz.\u00a0 A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da basit bir \u00f6rnek verdim. Rakamlar ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmamaktad\u0131r, \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan girilmi\u015ftir. Ortalama pursantaj de\u011ferleri ve Yakla\u015f\u0131k maliyet hesab\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fu yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz :\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/yapi-yaklasik-maliyeti-hesabi.html\">http:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/yapi-yaklasik-maliyeti-hesabi.html<\/a><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 396px;\" width=\"779\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"170\">S\u0131ra No<\/td>\n<td width=\"170\">\u0130\u015fin Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">Miktar<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">Birim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>A<\/td>\n<td>Toplam \u0130n\u015faat Alan\u0131<\/td>\n<td>5.000,00<\/td>\n<td>m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B<\/td>\n<td>Beton Miktar\u0131 (Ax0,38)<\/td>\n<td>1.900,00<\/td>\n<td>m3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C<\/td>\n<td>Demir Miktar\u0131 (Bx80 kg \/1000)<\/td>\n<td>152,00<\/td>\n<td>ton<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D<\/td>\n<td>Kal\u0131p Miktar\u0131 (Bx 7 m2)<\/td>\n<td>13.300,00<\/td>\n<td>m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>E<\/td>\n<td width=\"170\">Kaba \u0130n\u015faat Maliyeti<br \/>\n(B x Beton Birim Fiyat\u0131 +<br \/>\nC x Demir Birim Fiyat\u0131 +<br \/>\nD x Kal\u0131p Birim Fiyat\u0131)<\/td>\n<td>300.000,00<\/td>\n<td>TL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F<\/td>\n<td>Toplam Maliyet ( E \/ 0,30)<\/td>\n<td>1.000.000,00<\/td>\n<td>TL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Ancak yaz\u0131m\u0131 \u015fu uyar\u0131 ile bitirmek istiyorum, pursantaj ile hesaplanan metraj ve maliyetler, kesinlikle yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcde bulunmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu hesaplamalar ile girilecek ihaleler, verilecek teklifler ve yap\u0131lacak sat\u0131nalmalar, sizi ciddi zarara u\u011fratabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Okudu\u011funuz i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcrler<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pursantaj Nedir? Frans\u0131zca pourcentage kelimesinden gelir. En \u00f6zet \u015fekilde pursantaj kelime anlam\u0131\u00a0&#8220;y\u00fczde oran&#8221; d\u0131r. Pursantaj,&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[1005,1660,1556,114,1534,1938,1350,1346,2068],"class_list":["post-6327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-insaat-terimleri","tag-beton-2","tag-birim-fiyat","tag-demir","tag-hakedis","tag-insaat-maliyet-dagilimi","tag-kalip","tag-maliyet","tag-metraj","tag-sozlesme"],"aioseo_notices":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6327"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8701,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6327\/revisions\/8701"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6327"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6327"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aykutozdemir.com.tr\/insaat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}